r/Philosophy_India • • 16h ago

Discussion I mean we really need to reconsider.

5 Upvotes

A new trend all over Instagram — devotional concerts by Krishna Das, with tickets ranging from ₹3,000 to ₹20,000 for a Diamond pass.
Wow. I mean, I’m not against these or anyone expressing their devotion. Everyone has their own way of connecting with God. But I can’t help but wonder: instead of spending thousands on a ticket, why not visit a temple every evening, attend the daily aarti, and experience devotion alongside other devotees?
And imagine if even a fraction of that money went towards providing food, shelter, and basic necessities to those who genuinely need them. Wouldn’t that be a more meaningful way to express our devotion? Wouldn’t the act of serving those in need be just as, if not more, pleasing to God?
I’m not questioning anyone’s faith. I’m questioning the culture we’re building around it.
Today, it feels like social media has found its way into everything, even devotion. Nothing seems to be left untouched by the need to experience, capture, post, and show the world.
**Somewhere along the way, are we becoming more interested in being seen as devotees than in actually practising what devotion teaches us?**


r/Philosophy_India • • 16h ago

Indian Philosophy Alan Watts

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177 Upvotes

r/Philosophy_India • • 22h ago

Discussion Why is there not a post-hindu (post sanatana?) philosophical movement or schools or any subsequent philosophies

2 Upvotes

One might argue that my claim is exaggerated, and perhaps it is. Nevertheless, what I want to ask is whether there have been any post-Hindu or post-traditional indigenous philosophical movements in India that shifted their focus from religiosity and contemplation towards engaging with the world beyond them, while moving away from karma as a foundational principle, theism, and dualistic or monistic rationalism.

I recognise that Hinduism and other Indian religious traditions have historically engaged with various aspects of everyday life and the material world. My question, however, concerns something more fundamental: a transformation in the philosophical framework itself, rather than merely an extension of traditional thought into worldly affairs.

To elaborate, consider the Western intellectual canon. Christianity was shaped, challenged, and reinterpreted through successive historical developments, including the Renaissance, the Enlightenment, the emergence of natural philosophy, and eventually the modern sciences. These developments interacted with Christianity in different ways, whether through dialectical opposition, internal reform, or outright separation. I would also include Nietzsche in this discussion, given his place in the Western philosophical canon and his broader commentary on Hinduism and Buddhism.

I am therefore interested in whether India has produced comparable philosophical developments that move beyond the traditional religious and metaphysical frameworks, rather than simply reformulating them.

To clarify, I would not consider straightforward amalgamations of Western secular scientism with traditional Hindu thought, such as Arya Samaj, to be what I have in mind. Nor would I necessarily classify contemporary commentaries that reinterpret older philosophical traditions for the modern world as post-Hindu in the sense I am using the term.

I may be mistaken in some of my assumptions, and I do not intend this as a definitive claim or critique. Rather, this is a broad, exploratory question intended to open a discussion about the trajectory of indigenous Indian philosophy and whether it has undergone transformations comparable to those of the Western intellectual tradition.


r/Philosophy_India • • 23h ago

Philosophy .....

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3 Upvotes

Found this banger on r/nihilism sub


r/Philosophy_India • • 1d ago

Indian Philosophy Ashtavakra on the Illusion of "Buying" God Through Good Deeds & Rituals

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546 Upvotes

Have you ever thought about why we practice spirituality?

​In this video, the sage Ashtavakra challenges conventional religious conditioning by asking a profound question: If the Divine can be attained through good deeds, rituals, or worship, how is that any different from a marketplace transaction?


r/Philosophy_India • • 1d ago

Discussion don't u think world runs on sunk cost fallacy?

5 Upvotes

We become invested in something and when we feel we are going lose it ... We will chase it because we are heavily invested on it

I personally relate to this


r/Philosophy_India • • 1d ago

Indian Philosophy Truth alone triumphs

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31 Upvotes

r/Philosophy_India • • 1d ago

Indian Philosophy My problem with liberation

12 Upvotes

I have been exploring Indian philosophies for the past few years, mainly Advaida and Buddhism and to some extent Samkhya and Vaisheshika too.

The problem I have is with the idea of liberation.

I have no problem with the core ideas. Advaida says the ultimate reality is Brahman. Which is perfectly fine. Then it says, Brahman is pure consciousness which I am not sure what it means but anyway that is fine.

This is similar in some way to saying there is some sort of foundational field. In physics there are all kinds of fields space time and quantum fields. So to say there is something behind everything else is fine. Whatever the nature of that thing is. Whether it is a field, or consciousness, or a void, that is fine.

Coming to Buddhism the core idea is nothing is permanent and everything is some kind of process, which is again fine. Because already in physics everything is process. Quarks and electrons are excitation of quantum fields and there is no real stuff or matter as such.

Having said that my problem is with the notion of getting liberated.

In Advaida the idea is I am Atman, which in turn is Brahman. Fine. But my problem is saying that "I am just that"

It is kind of saying, "you are made of atoms hence you are atoms". Yes, I am atoms but am "I" atoms?

May be I am struggling here to put into words exactly what I mean.

What I am trying to say is, for me "I" is this unique thing which you may call ego, or jiva. This bubble of memories, desires, emotions, perceptions all that. If the liberation process is to get rid of all that and be just conscious is that really "me" even if that state is the eternal reality?

Thing of me as a dune in a desert, the dune has a unique shape, yes it is fragile, it keeps changing by gravity, rain and wind but it is still a unique thing, but when we reduce it to sand and say "know that you are the desert" is it really me?

What is the point of existence if it is to leave samsara? Is that not the whole point of existence? To explore and experience. Yes there is suffering but there is joy too.

I have been searching for a Indian philosophy or text that aligns with this.


r/Philosophy_India • • 1d ago

Discussion Why are people upvoting but not participating in a post that was purely meant for discussion?

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8 Upvotes

Title


r/Philosophy_India • • 1d ago

Discussion "good will inevitably prevail over bad" but does the real world actually reflect this?

3 Upvotes

I genuinely want to believe in this "algorithm" of life that the universe has some underlying justice or fixed rule like "karma".. but looking at reality makes it so hard to justify.. time and again, we see powerful, corrupt people completely suppressing justice and crushing the innocent without facing any consequences.. (many incidents and likes of that ankita bhandari case, pune case, (I really hope justice is served for her and many others!)

but if there is a grand design and God doesn't just play dice with the universe.. why is the real world so disconnected from these ideals? Are the concepts of ultimate justice and karma just pure "hopium" and “randomness“ or am missing something?

tho, Wish you a very happy (belated) Dussehra and Diwali!!🪔🎆✨


r/Philosophy_India • • 1d ago

Discussion If the senses do not exist, does material existence vanish, and does consciousness cease to exist along with it?

2 Upvotes

Same as title !


r/Philosophy_India • • 2d ago

Philosophical Satire Nietzsche’s philosophy in a nutshell

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40 Upvotes

CONTEXT: The guy was No Fap for some years and they asked him why.

“zada acha mat ban”
The illusion of objective morality (ref: On the Genealogy of Morality)

”nature banayeleya hai..”
Nietzsche views human beings not as rational souls or abstract minds, but as natural, biological organisms driven primarily by unconscious drives, impulses, and instincts. Nietzsche argues that traditional morality (particularly Christian values) acts as an enemy to life by trying to tame, castrate, or suppress natural instincts (such as passion, aggression, and pride). This suppression leads to cultural decadence, ressentiment (deep-seated resentment), and self-hatred

”andar se ho”
Become who you are.


r/Philosophy_India • • 3d ago

Philosophical Satire Same same but different.

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24 Upvotes

r/Philosophy_India • • 3d ago

Eastern Philosophy Hiss but do not bite

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63 Upvotes

r/Philosophy_India • • 3d ago

Indian Philosophy Materialism vs.Spriruality

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70 Upvotes

r/Philosophy_India • • 3d ago

Discussion What is your favourite field of philosophy, be precise

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45 Upvotes

For me it's critical theory -> theory of mass culture (especially social media)


r/Philosophy_India • • 4d ago

Discussion Absurdism is one of the strongest philosophies

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265 Upvotes

The beauty of absurdism lies in the fact that one should accept that life has no meaning and still choose to live

Camus argues that realizing life lacks inherent meaning does not justify suicide; instead, it demands revolt, freedom, and passion.

Humans are like most animals the whole point of feeling emotions is to survive, in the end every action we do is for the sake of survival!

What do you think is the best philosophy?


r/Philosophy_India • • 4d ago

Indian Philosophy Desiring a heaven and its pleasures through Vedic rituals is equal to a flimsy dream which is lost as soon as the man wakes up, says 13th century non-dualist Saint Dyaneshwar in his text "Jnaneshwari"

5 Upvotes

lets see some verses that highlight a nuanced view of Vedas from the famous text "Jnaneshwari", a Marathi commentary on the Bhagwad Gita by Sant Dyaneshwar of 13th century Maharashtra during Yadava dynasty. Interestingly, these texts of Dyaneshwar are the oldest surviving literary works in the Marathi language, and considered to be milestones in Marathi literature. book link

Chapter 9, verse 330 - 334

(307) O Arjuna, please consider the persons about whom I am going to tell you. They perform actions according to their ordained duties as per their stage in life, as laid down by scriptures, in such a perfect manner that they become the standards to be followed by others.

(308) Seeing their performance of the sacrificial rituals, all the three Vedas nod in satisfaction and the fruit of their action stands in front of them together with the action.

(309) Such initiated scholars who partake of the juice 'Soma', who are the very image of sacrifice, have, by the way of merit in that action, actually earned the sin in bargain!

(310) They know the three Vedas, perform hundreds of sacrifices, but missing me who receives the offerings, choose to gain heaven.

(311) It is like a man of bad luck who sits below the divine wish-tree, ties the knot of his begging sack and starts out for begging!

(312) Similarly, they perform hundreds of sacrifices as a propitiation to me, but desire and aspire for the heavenly pleasures! Is it their merit? Is it not sin?

(313) So, it is the ignorants way of earning merit to desire heaven by denying me. The men of real knowledge call it a nuisance, a real loss!

(314) Actually, experiencing the pains in the hell, people call the condition in heaven as happiness but my real nature is the only eternal joy without any blemish.

(316) The heaven is reached by the sin which is wrongly called merit, and the hell is reached by the sin which is actually known as sin; but that action is pure merit by which I am reached.

(329) Just as a man spends all his money for a prostitute and then he is not allowed even to knock at her door, similarly shameful is then the living of such initiated people.

(330) Thus those who choose heavenly pleasure instead of my eternal reality lose the real deathlessness and come back to this world of death.

(331) They remain for nine mouths in the womb of their mothers, troubled by all sorts of hot secretions in their vicinity and come out only to die eventually after a life full of miseries.

(332) The heavenly pleasures of person who is well-versed in performance of sacrifices according to Vedas should be considered equal to the treasures received in the dream, which is lost as soon as the man is awake.

(333) O Arjuna, even if a man is well-versed in Vedas and if he does not know me, his life is useless just as some one who throws away the grain and takes the husk.

(334) Therefore, in the absence of knowledge of my Reality, the rules of all the three Vedas are useless. It is definite that if you know me, and do not know anything else, still you will be really happy.


r/Philosophy_India • • 5d ago

Discussion The Limitation of Thought Process and Absolute Silence in the Brain

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207 Upvotes

r/Philosophy_India • • 6d ago

Indian Philosophy An interesting question. Can you answer?

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15 Upvotes

It's from Acharya Prashant's beginner exam.


r/Philosophy_India • • 6d ago

Discussion I've never read/heard something so beautiful yet terrifying

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697 Upvotes

r/Philosophy_India • • 6d ago

Discussion Help me guys

4 Upvotes

I have a question guys please help me

I have been reading Ramana Maharshi lately, and a question has been bothering me. I’m genuinely trying to understand the connection between Advaita Vedanta, self-realization, and action.

According to Advaita, everything is ultimately Brahman, and the true Self is beyond the ego, the mind, and bodily identity. If Rama and Krishna were realized beings, why did they continue to act in the world?

If we say that Rama acted because fulfilling his purpose was important to him, wouldn’t that imply an attachment to a particular identity or role? If he identified himself with a purpose that he needed to fulfil, how could he be completely free from the ego?

Alternatively, if he acted to alleviate suffering, why would suffering matter to someone who had realized that everything is Brahman and that ultimate reality can never be harmed? Wouldn’t caring about suffering imply some kind of emotional attachment or identification with others?

And if the answer is empathy or compassion, another question arises: if the realized Self is formless, unchanging, and beyond the mind and emotions, where does that compassion come from? Does a realized person still experience emotions, or are their actions simply the result of the body and mind functioning without an ego identifying as the doer?

What I’m struggling to understand is this: if a realized person has no personal desires, no sense of doership, nothing to gain, and no fundamental separation between themselves and the world, why would they act at all? Why would they teach, help others, protect anyone, or even care what happens in the world?

I understand the distinction between ultimate reality (paramarthika) and empirical reality (vyavaharika), and I know the Bhagavad Gita discusses action without attachment and lokasangraha. But these explanations seem to tell me how action can coexist with realization, not why action would arise in the first place.

I’m particularly interested in how Ramana Maharshi’s teachings address this question. Does self-realization necessarily result in compassion or action, or can a realized person remain completely inactive without any contradiction? Is the idea that a Jnani acts for the welfare of the world merely an explanation at the empirical level, while ultimately there is neither a doer nor an action?

I’m not trying to argue against Advaita. I genuinely want to understand the philosophy without relying on vague explanations like “it was his divine purpose” or “he acted to protect dharma.” I want to understand the underlying logic: what is the relationship between the actionless nature of Brahman and the apparent actions of a Jnani?

(Framed it better using chatgpt)


r/Philosophy_India • • 6d ago

Discussion What is the purpose of your living? Why are you living?what you want to accomplish?

5 Upvotes

Existential Reflections: Meaning, Consciousness, Free Will, and Morality

TLDR

You grapple with existential despair—nothing inherently matters—yet find meaning in consciousness itself, the rarity of awareness, and the comfort of quantum possibilities. Rather than paralyze you, this drives a desire to live fully and leave a meaningful mark, treating this life as supremely valuable precisely because it might be all you have (or one of infinite versions of you).

The Paradox of Meaning

I see everything and constantly think: what is the point? I love existentialism—the idea that we create our own purpose. Traveling, living well, and simply enjoying the universe for a moment feels great, but it comes with an overwhelming sense of despair. When you realize nothing inherently matters, it raises a terrifying question: if there is no cosmic point to existing, then why exist at all?

And yet, I still exist. I choose to exist.

The Miracle of Consciousness

Before now, I was unconscious atoms. Now those atoms have come together to form something that I can barely comprehend: me. I think this is the rarest thing possible. Consciousness at this level of complexity is extraordinary. I'm happy I'm not a dog or another creature that doesn't possess—or hasn't yet revealed—this kind of complex comprehension. Most creatures lack what I have: the ability to contemplate my own existence.

The Question of Free Will

But does free will exist? I would love to believe in it. I find comfort in Penrose's theories about microtubules and quantum phenomena as a potential seat of free will. Alternatively, there's the many-worlds interpretation: at each quantum collapse, the universe splits into infinite branches, creating every possible outcome. This idea provides great comfort. It means somewhere, in another branch of reality, I am a Pokémon master. Elsewhere, I'm the president. In another, I'm a beggar. Perhaps I'm even a turtle. Or Simba from The Lion King.

Who knows? Who knows?

Living Across Infinite Possibilities

This multiverse concept gives me a reason to live. I don't truly die—or rather, all versions of me exist simultaneously across all possible timelines. It feels almost spiritual: "I am you, you are me—one soul hopping through all kinds of possibilities."

This perspective motivates me to live this life to the fullest. I want to maximize what I have this time, knowing that even if I compromise on something now, perhaps another branch of reality fulfills it for me. That's both humbling and empowering.

The Desire to Matter

I would love to leave a big enough print on the world that I actually change the course of history. It would be nice. But then again, maybe I already have. Maybe in another timeline, I'm Napoleon. Or Genghis Khan. Maybe I'm no one—just a street beggar. Or maybe I was that turtle, or Simba.

The uncertainty is strangely liberating. It frees me from the pressure of needing to know whether I matter. Instead, I can simply choose to act as though I do.

Random Thoughts

Just random thoughts, really. But they matter because I think them.

Part II: Morality, Survival, and the Genes We Carry

The Origin of Morality

I grapple with many thoughts every day. One is the fundamental tension: Should I live according to ideals for the collective good, or should I prioritize what is good for me? What even is right? What is wrong?

We're taught these concepts as if they were handed down to us—as if "right" and "wrong" are cosmic laws, universal truths carved into reality. But where did they actually come from?

Evolution of Ethics

They were handed to us through evolution and survival. Not by some external authority, but by the brutal mathematics of natural selection.

Those who chose to die—who acted in ways that prevented reproduction, who made choices that didn't maximize their survival—their genes never passed on. They're gone. Their lineages ended. We don't inherit their moral intuitions because they didn't survive to pass them down.

What we do inherit are the genes of survivors. We carry the genetic code of those who chose to live, who reproduced, who acted in ways that kept them and their offspring alive.

The Genes We Carry

This means our entire moral framework—our sense of right and wrong—is fundamentally rooted in survival and reproduction.

Right and wrong, at their core, evolved because they worked. Cooperation with your tribe? Worked—survival rates went up. Reciprocity? Worked—mutual aid increased chances of living through harsh winters. Empathy? Worked—it strengthened social bonds and group cohesion. Fairness? Worked—it prevented conflicts that would tear groups apart.

These aren't universal truths about the cosmos. They're survival strategies that we've inherited biologically and culturally.

The Tension Remains

The irony is that we now live in societies and circumstances vastly different from those that shaped these genes. We can intellectually ask: "Should I act for the collective good, or for myself?" But we're asking this question with a brain that was literally designed—through millions of years of evolution—to prioritize both.

We have instincts for cooperation and instincts for self-preservation. We have drives toward fairness and drives toward advantage. These impulses aren't contradictions; they're the complex result of surviving in social groups where both strategies mattered.

What This Means

So when you feel the tension between doing what's right (collective good) and doing what's good for you (self-interest), you're not experiencing a cosmic moral dilemma. You're experiencing the echo of evolutionary trade-offs that kept your ancestors alive.

Your sense that "right and wrong" exist? That's real—but it's a human construct, encoded in your genes and your culture, forged in the crucible of survival. It's not less valid because it evolved rather than descending from the heavens. If anything, it's more grounded: it's tested by millions of years of real-world application.

The genes we carry are the genes of those who survived. And that survival was built on knowing—instinctively, biologically—what works. What keeps us alive. What holds communities together.

That's where morality comes from.

How It Connects

This connects back to your earlier reflection: you exist because your ancestors existed. You think about collective good and individual flourishing because those tensions were the conditions of human survival. These aren't abstract philosophical puzzles imposed on you from outside—they're wired into you because they mattered. They kept people alive.

And now, with consciousness and the ability to reflect, you get to choose: Do I honor that evolutionary inheritance? Do I act as my genes "want" me to? Or do I forge something new?

But even asking that question, you're using a tool evolution gave you.

The Dilemma of the Righteous Path

But here's where it gets complicated. In the real world, there is no single "right way."

Consider the Hindu epics: Rama embodied unwavering moral integrity. He never told a lie, not once. He lived by absolute principles—dharma without compromise. Hanuman, too, was a symbol of perfect devotion and righteousness.

Then there is Krishna.

Krishna lied. He schemed. He manipulated. Yet his actions benefited the collective good. He did what was necessary, not what was perfectly righteous. In the Bhagavad Gita, he tells Arjuna that sometimes action—even morally ambiguous action—is required for the greater good.

So which is the right way?

Rama's path: absolute moral principles, never bending, always honest. Krishna's path: pragmatism in service of collective good, bending rules when necessary.

We never truly know. And that uncertainty is maddening.

The Problem of Consequences We Can't See

Consider criminals who never get caught. They break moral laws, hurt people, yet face no earthly consequences. Justice doesn't touch them. They live comfortable lives while their victims suffer.

This is where karma—the idea that the universe automatically punishes wrongdoing—would provide comfort. I want to believe in it. I hold onto it. It would mean the universe is fundamentally just, that no one truly escapes the weight of their actions.

But I don't actually believe in karma. Not really. And that makes me a hypocrite.

Because I want to believe that:

  • Rama's righteousness will be rewarded
  • Krishna's pragmatism will lead to good outcomes
  • Criminals will eventually face consequences
  • The universe has a moral ledger

Yet I rationally know none of this is guaranteed. The universe is indifferent. An uncaught criminal can live and die in peace. A perfectly moral person can suffer unjustly. There is no cosmic accountant keeping score.

Living With the Contradiction

So what do we do? We hold contradictions:

  • We want to believe morality matters, yet we suspect it doesn't.
  • We admire both Rama's integrity and Krishna's pragmatism, yet can't fully embrace either.
  • We want to believe the criminal will be punished, yet we know they might not be.
  • We want karma to be real, yet we don't actually believe in it.

This is the human condition. We are hypocrites not because we're weak, but because we're conscious beings living in a universe that doesn't confirm our moral intuitions.

We evolved to crave justice, to believe in fairness, to want the guilty punished and the virtuous rewarded. These instincts served our survival. But the modern world—and existence itself—doesn't guarantee these outcomes.

The Choice Remains

And yet, we still choose. We choose to live by principles even though we can't guarantee they'll be rewarded. We choose to act for the collective good even though we can't be certain it will matter. We choose to believe in morality even though we suspect the universe doesn't care.

That choice—to act morally despite the uncertainty, despite the meaninglessness, despite the hypocrisies we can't resolve—that might be the most human thing about us.

For those of you read till here please comment lemme know your thoughts coz yeah I will know maybe I helped you get a perspective or maybe interesting enough to capture your attention !!!

Do let me know your viewpoints


r/Philosophy_India • • 6d ago

Indian Philosophy Do Indian philosophical texts really reinforce the existence of a soul, or is their message the exact opposite?

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21 Upvotes

I was reading Bhagavad Gita 2.14, which says:

"All the experiences that you have arise from the contact of the senses with their material objects."

My understanding of this verse is that our experiences arise from sensory contact with the material world. In other words, experiences are products of this interaction. There is no experiencer. The senses come into contact with their objects, and an experience arises. Almost like the principle of action and reaction, there is no separate reactor that needs to be assumed.

Yet, people often use the Bhagavad Gita as proof of the Jivatma—an immortal soul that supposedly transmigrates from one body to another, continuing to exist after the death of the physical body.

Does the Gita actually support the existence of an eternal, individual soul, or are we reading that idea into the text?


r/Philosophy_India • • 7d ago

Western Philosophy Arthur Schopenhauer

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104 Upvotes