r/namenerds • u/Excellent-Radish-162 • 6h ago
Non-English Names Why are Ukrainian names spelt differently, and why is that important?
I have seen before that the spellings of Ukrainian names in the Latin alphabet can confuse people. I have seen people asking why we won't spell them 'normally' and why they are like that. My name is included in that.
So I have chosen the three main differences that tend to distinguish Ukrainian spellings from other spellings, and explained them.
The H
In Ukrainian, Galina is Halyna. Olga is Olha. Georgiy is Heorhiy. And you might think, why?
This is because in Ukrainian, there was a language shift where the letter in Cyrillic that was pronounced as a G, which is Г, became pronounced instead very similarly to the letter H in English. This means we translate it that way too.
To account for this change, a new letter was created, which is Ґ, and is pronounced like Г is in Russian. It was usually mainly used for foreign words. However, in the 1930s, the letter Ґ was banned because this letter did not exist in Russian and so it was called nationalistic. It returned to Ukraine in the 1990s, shortly before we became independent.
The iia
This is probably the one that people are most familiar with, but they often don’t understand what it actually means. It is used in names that end with ia, such as Anastasia, which becomes Anastasiia, Natalia, which becomes Nataliia, and Maria, which becomes Mariia.
This is because the letter І is translated how you would think, as i, and the letter Я is translated as ia. Therefore, together, they become iia.
Again, this is an example of linguistic independence as it is part of the Ukrainian National Transliteration System, which is used to translate Ukrainian into the Latin Alphabet. Having our own system is important because under the Soviet Union, names were Russified and translated according to their spelling rules. You might be familiar with it when it comes to place names, such as Odessa instead of Odesa, or Kiev instead of Kyev, and the same was done to names.
All of the Ys
Khrystyna instead of Kristina, Maryna instead of Marina, and Yelyzaveta instead of Yelizaveta. People see that and often think we are just doing that to be quirky, especially since a lot of our names do use the letter i.
But it is actually because they are two different letters that make two different sounds, so they are translated differently. As said before, the letter і is translated as i. But we also have another letter, и, and that is translated as y. You can see when you look at the spelling for Maryna (Марина) and the spelling for Mariia (Марія).
The reason this is not the case for Russian names is that they removed the letter i from their alphabet, and there was no difference between и and i, only where they were used, so they did that to simplify the language. Because ours do not sound the same, it would not make sense for us to do so. Therefore, by translating them differently, it shows that the sounds are different.
I will also say that not everyone believes that their name must be spelt according to the official transliteration rules. If people are living in different countries, they may find it easier to spell it that way or even just prefer the way it looks. It's a matter of personal preference.
But it's important to know that if we choose to spell our name according to these rules, there is a reason behind it, even if it might not make immediate sense if you are not familiar with it.